Due to the highly customized nature of automotive manufacturing, machine vision inspection systems must be built to detect defects on a number of variants of a single subassembly. To meet this requirement, integrators have developed sophisticated systems comprising numerous cameras mounted on a fixed frame, positioned to capture many images of the product for quality assurance purposes. The use of multiple cameras and lights in these systems produces images of the complex assemblies viewable from different angles and under different lighting conditions. Robotic-based vision inspection deploys one or more robots with cameras and lighting mounted on the end effectors, which automatically move to key inspection points of a subassembly to check specific features. After the inspection points have been selected, vision software can then be programmed to inspect the locations on any subsequent product presented to it. If another product variant with its corresponding new inspection points has to be checked at a later stage, camera setup and reprogramming require less time than a fixed-frame vision inspection system.

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